Samchunggak is a pavilion built in the 11th year of King Sukjong's reign (1685) by the Neungju Hyanggyo Confucian scholars to commemorate the patriotic loyalty of three loyal subjects: Chunguigong Choi Gyeonghoe, who died heroically fighting Japanese forces at Jinju Fortress in the 26th year of King Seonjo's reign (1593); General Mun Hongheon, a jipyeong; and General Jo Hyeon, who died fighting Japanese invaders in the Haenam region of Jeollanam-do during the Eulmyo Japanese invasion in the 10th year of King Myeongjong's reign (1555). Jeongryeogak (memorial pavilions) were widely established across the country during the Joseon period based on Confucian ethics, especially honoring loyal subjects from the Imjin War period. Hwasun Neungju Samchunggak was constructed by the local Confucian scholars on a high cliff above the upper stream of Jiseokgang in Jamjeong-ri, Neungju-myeon, with three separate buildings. Unlike typically enshrining three persons in one building, Samchunggak enshrines each in a separate pavilion. Facing forward, the left building honors Choi Gyeonghoe, the center building honors Jo Hyeon, and the right building honors Mun Hongheon. On the cliff where the three-story pavilion stands, an inscription titled "Hwasun Seonghwamyeong Road Reconstruction Donor List" is engraved.
This is a rock inscription carving the names of donors for the road contraction project from south of Neungseonghyeon in Seongjong 16th year of the Joseon Dynasty (1485), stretching from Ori-jeong to Gujilgeon-yeon. It is engraved under the stone platform with the pavilion of Choi Gyeong-hoe by Jiseokcheon. The inscription covers a horizontal area of about 150cm by 80cm vertically, with approximately 25 lines and over 180 characters about 5cm in size. Due to poor stone quality and severe weathering, the left side is hard to read. The donors for the road project are categorized as Daesiju, --Siju, Sang-Siju, Daehwaju, Mongminhwaju, etc., with names for each group also listed. The place name Yeogori appears twice, but its meaning is unknown. Among various names, only Jang Sarang and Gu Yong-yeon are confirmed as Daesiju. This inscription is important in regional history research because it provides concrete evidence of local people's (or possibly Buddhist faith group’s) significant financial support for the early Joseon road contraction project, records an absolute date (Seonghwa 21 years), and documents place names such as Ori-jeong, Gujilgeon-yeon, Yeogori, and specific donor names and ranks.
Orosi Art Workshop is an open art space operated by CEO Kim Jong-yoon, a potter and mosaic artist, along with an aroma craft artist and yoga instructor who love Hwasun. Here, you can experience pottery making that focuses on yourself while shaping clay, mosaic crafts that awaken the senses, aroma crafts that nurture body and mind, and outdoor yoga programs. Beyond simple experiences, it aims to be a space where local artists interact, create, and where nature and art harmonize.
Juksu Seowon enshrines Jo Gwangjo and Hakpo Yang Paengson. In Seonjo 3rd year (1570), with the cooperation of Neungseong Governor Jo Si-jung, the seowon was built at its current location and received the royal title Juksu. Jo Gwangjo was exiled to Neungseong in Jungjong 14th year (1519) due to the Kimyo Sahwa incident. At that time, Yang Paengson, who studied at home with Jo Gwangjo, was also dismissed from office and living in his hometown, Neungseong. The two naturally met and strengthened their loyalty. However, about a month after Jo Gwangjo was exiled, he was poisoned and died. Yang Paengson secretly retrieved his body and buried him in the Ssangbongsa valley in Hwasun, building a thatched house in the village to perform memorial rites with disciples. Later, in Seonjo 1st year (1568), Jo Gwangjo was posthumously promoted to Yeonguijeong, and the following year bestowed the posthumous title Munjeong. Along with this, the government decided to build a seowon to honor Jo Gwangjo, which was constructed here. In 1630, local Confucian scholars and government officials including Kim Jang-saeng added Yang Paengson as an additional honoree. However, in 1868, the seowon was demolished under Heungseon Daewongun's seowon abolition decree, leaving only an altar for memorial rites. In 1971, descendants of the Jeju Yang clan restored Juksu Seowon in Dogok-myeon Wolgok-ri, and in 1983, descendants centered on Jo Gukjo of the Hanyang Jo clan pursued restoration at the original site in Mosan-ri, relocating and reconstructing buildings from Wolgok-ri to form the current appearance.
Juksujeoljaemun is the main gate of the government office called Nokuidang, which was the east office of Neungseong-hyeon (an old administrative area in the Hwasun region). The exact date of its initial construction is unclear, but it is presumed to have been built along with Nokuidang. The east office was where the local magistrate handled official duties and was the central building of Joseon Dynasty local government offices. There is a record of the gate being repaired in 1599, and in 1602, the signboard of Juksujeoljaemun, written by Jeong I of Hadong Jeong clan—an esteemed literary figure of the time—along with the Neungseonggwan signboard, has been passed down to this day. After Neungseong-hyeon was elevated to Neungju-mok in 1632, it continued to serve as the main gate of the east office and underwent several restorations to the present. Juksujeoljaemun is a single-story octagonal building with a facade of 3 kan and a side of 2 kan. The central bay is wider and fitted with double wooden plank doors, with a single door in front. The foundation is low and made of rubble stone, with large natural stones used as cornerstones without processing. The related old buildings such as the east office (Nokuidang) have all been dismantled, leaving only this gate behind. A modern building, the Neungju Township Office, now stands on the former government office site, about 50 meters from Juksujeoljaemun. Most government office buildings were deliberately demolished by the Japanese during the colonial period, making surviving relics rare nationwide, but this gate retains much of its original appearance. Especially alongside the east office gate in Goheung, it is one of only two precious government office main gates remaining in Jeollanam-do.
조선 중기 성리학자이며 개혁주의자였던 정암 조광조 선생이 1519년 기묘사화로 인해 능성에 귀양을 와 사약을 받았던 곳으로, 조광조 선생을 추모코자 세운 것이 적려유허비이다. 적려란 유배되어 간 곳을 이르며, 유허비는 한 인물의 옛 자취를 밝히어 후세에 알리고자 세워 두는 비를 말한다. 이 적려유허비는 능성현 당시 북문이 있었던 곳 부근 도로변에 자리하고 있는데 귀부와 비신, 이수를 갖추고 있다. 귀부는 자연석에 가까운 암석으로 거북의 형태만 갖추었고 귀부도 형상만 다듬었다. 이곳에 유배당한 조광조 선생의 자취를 기록한 비문은 의정부 우찬 겸 성균관제주세자이사 송시열이 짓고 전서는 충청도 관찰사 겸 수군절도사 순찰사 민유중이, 글씨는 의정부 좌참찬 송준길이 썼으며 현종 8년(1667년) 4월에 능주목사 민여로가 건립하였다.
정암 조광조 선생의 영정을 모신 영정각과 유배하러 와서 살았던 초가집이 함께 있다.
